1. Among Governments at Different Levels: There may be governments at different levels, i.e., at the centre, at state level and at local level. The governments at each level may be entrusted with different responsibilities and functions.

2. Among Different Organs of the State: A state has, generally, three organs, viz. (i) legislature, (ii) executive and (iii) judiciary. Each organ of the government has different responsibilities and different functions. This system is called a system of checks and balances.

3. Among Different Social Groups: This type of arrangement is meant to give space in the government and administrtion to diverse social groups, such as the religious and linguistic groups, who would otherwise feel alienated from the government.

4. Among Political Parties, Pressure Groups and Movements: These influence those who are in power. Since the elected representatives in a government are answerable to the electors, they cannot show indifference towards interests of political parties, pressure groups and movements.

(i) Constitution prescribes that the number of Dutch and French-speaking ministers shall be equal in the Central Government. No single community can take decisions unilaterally.
(ii) The State Governments are not subordinate to the Central Government.
(iii) Brussels, the capital, has a separate government where both the communities have equal representation.
(iv) A third kind of government, ‘Community Government’ is elected by people belonging to one language community Dutch, French and German speaking—no matter where they live. This government can decide on cultural, educational and language related issues.

D.

The Sri Lankan Tamils launched parties and struggle for the recognition of Tamil as an official language, for regional autonomy and equality of opportunity in securing education and jobs. But their demand for more autonomy to provinces populated by the Tamils was repeatedly denied. By 1980s several political organisations were formed demanding an independent Tamil Eelam (State) in northern and eastern parts of Sri Lanka.

The distrust between the two communities turned into widespread conflict. It soon turned into a CIVIL WAR. As a result thousands of people of both the communities have been killed. Many families were forced to leave the country as refugees and many more last their livelihood.

C.